Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutResolution - 4469 - Strategic Youth Plan - City, County, LISD - Reducing Youth Crime & Violence, YAC - 04_26_1994Resolution No. 4469 April 26, 1994 Item # 1 4/21 /94 JOINT RESOLUTION CITY OF LUBBOCK/LUBBOCK COUNTY/ LUBBOCK INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT WHEREAS, the future of our cities, state and nation depends on leadership being developed in our youth; and WHEREAS, numerous local agencies, governmental units and private providers are attempting to provide youth services to help our youth and their families; and WHEREAS, any plans or strategies must address both the root causes and symp- toms of youth problems that negatively impact their lives, families, and communities; and WHEREAS, the City of Lubbock, County of Lubbock and Lubbock Independent School District (LISD) recognize the need to develop strategies to reduce juvenile crime, criminal gang activity and substance abuse; and WHEREAS, the City of Lubbock recently completed a report entitled "Strategic Youth Plan" as a guide for directing and coordinating Youth Strategies and for reducing youth crime and violence; NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED BY THE LUBBOCK CITY COUNCIL, COUNTY COMMISSIONERS COURT OF LUBBOCK COUNTY, AND THE LUBBOCK INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT BOARD OF TRUSTEES: That the "Strategic Youth Plan", developed by the City of Lubbock is hereby adopted as a guide, attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and made a part hereof, together with strategies to reduce youth crime and violence, and That the City, County, LISD, and other youth service providers shall coordi- nate through the Lubbock United Way to develop specific strategies and actions, together with responsibilities and timetables to implement the recommendations of the "Strategic Youth Plan" developed by the City of Lubbock, or as amended by mutual consent, and That there is hereby established a "Youth Advisory Council" to provide guid- ance to the efforts of the City, County, LISD, and the United Way, in order to: 1. Share insight about youth issues in Lubbock; 2. Pool youth program resources and information about those resources; 3. Enhance delivery of services to Lubbock's youth, including coordination with all youth -serving agencies; 4. Conduct on -going evaluations of all youth programs; 5. Address any additional youth issues that the Youth Advisory Council determines to be appropriate. That the "Youth Advisory Council" shall initially consist of the County Judge, Chief Juvenile Probation Officer, City Manager, First Assistant City Manager, Super- intendent of LISD, Assistant Superintendent of LISD, President of United Way, and the Chairman of the United Way Board, and That the City, County, LISD and United Way shall jointly work, coordinate and cooperate with the Youth Advisory Council and will contribute resources to allow United Way to employ a full-time Director of Youth Issues, who will work for the United Way of Lubbock, with the advice and consent of the Youth Advisory Council, if the position is deemed necessary, and The Director of Youth Issues' primary responsibility shall be to develop spe- cific strategies, actions and timetables for implementation of the "Strategic Youth Plan" and other youth issue strategies as directed by the United Way of Lubbock, and in cooperation with other appr outh services providers. Passed by the Lubbock City Council t 1 94. avid R. Langston -Mayor Passed by the Lubbock County Commissioners Court this 2� day of 4�1 , 1994. �s Don cBeath, County Judge Passed by the LISD Board 1994. u�'t���li' day/ f 2 s 0 >M U O co co :D �j 5 par STRATEGIC YOUTH PLAN Mayor David R. Langston Council Members Mayor Pro Tem Randy Neugebauer Councilmember Victor Hernandez Councilmember T.J. Patterson Councilmember M.J. "Bud" Aderton Councilmember Max Ince Councilmember Alex "Ty" Cooke Prepared by: Quincy White, Youth Services Coordinator September 15, 1993 F F TABLE OF CONTENTS ExecutiveSummary......................................................1 ^- Recommendations........................................................2 iOverview. ....... ......................................10 The Ultimate Costs ofJuvenileDelinquency ............................11 r, Mission Statement.......................16 Risk Factors... �� .... ..... .... ..................................17 Developing A Community YouthProfile .................................. 21 Recognizing Positive and Negative Trends..............................30 Crime...........................................................31 Gangs...........................................................47 TeenPregnancy..................................................49 .- School Drop Out.................................................51 rAcademic Performance............................................52............................ Druas.. ..........................60 .. r Inventory of Available Facilities and Services ........................64 Determining Program and Service Gaps .............. .... .............79 Facilitating Community Linkages and Networking with �Youth .. .82 Educating the Community.. ... ........ ...............83 .... ... .... ... ... Developing Strategies to Address Program and Service Gaps.............84 Pursuing Implementation of Needed Programs and Services...............85 Issues and Recommendations............................................86 r I TABLE OF CONTENTS - EXHIBITS AND CHARTS P { Increase in State Expenditures.......................................12 PopulationUnder Age 5........... .......................... .. ,., Population Age 5-9 Years.............................................23 Population Age 10-14 Years...........................................24 Population Age 15-19 Years...........................................25 % Families Below Poverty.. .... ..... .......................26 % Families With Children That Are Female Head........................27 % Families With Children That Are Male Head ..........................28 1992 Juvenile Crime Statistics - Lubbock .............................33 ,- 1991 Juvenile Crime Statistics - Lubbock ......................... .34 National Juvenile Crime Statistics................................35-36 Juvenile Probation Statistics........................................37 Lubbock County Jail Statistics.......................................38 Lubbock County Adult Probation Statistics ............................39 Inmates Residing in Distressed Neighborhoods .........................40 % Population in Distressed Neighborhoods .............................41 Maps: Distressed Neighborhoods.......................................42 Percent Unemployment...........................................43 Vacant Housing.........................................44 7Percent Percent Persons Below Poverty.............................45 Percent of Housing Built Before1960 ...........................46 GangMembers.. .............................................. .48 7 Public School Funds............................................... 54-55 Texas Assessment of Academic Skills...............................56-59 Maps - Youth Services: Private........................................................67 Public.. ............................... ...............72 Non-Profit.....................................................75 _ Schools........................................................78 roll k EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PW Today, we have less effective control over the process of child rearing, education and the socialization of our youth than ever before. It is during adolescence when far too many of our youth become involved in the Juvenile Justice System, become hooked on drugs, drop out of school, rebel r•• against authority, exhibit self-defeating behavior, show disrespect to their elders and display mannerisms that are often repugnant and repulsive. To reverse this decline, it is recommended that the following plan be brought into oper- ational focus. The overall strategy for implementation of the plan includes three basic principles: ■ Continuity of community action from birth to adulthood. ■ Priority for preventive strategies rather than reactive damage control, although the intervention into human difficulties must continue, and, ■ Partnership among all elements of the Lubbock com- munity with special emphasis on the role of neigh- borhoods in the planning and execution of pro- jects. RECOMMENDATIONS The Strategic Plan for youth presents twenty-seven recommen- dations, under six major issue areas (Parenting and child - development, Education, School drop -out, Youth crime, Em- ployment, and Teen pregnancy) that furthers the city's youth initiatives. Parenting and Child Development 1. All parents, especially high risk families, should have knowledge of and access to support, informa- tion, and comprehensive parenting education, appropriate to the needs of their children through a comprehensive network of existing parenting pro- grams. 2. Establish a Parenting Advisory Committee comprised of parents who held their families together — against tough odds and whose children developed normally. These shall include single parents, legal guardians, and extended family members who supervise youths within households. 3. Develop a strong outreach component to ensure that high -risk children and families access a continuum -2- of culturally appropriate, individualized, and comprehensive parenting and childhood services. 4. Develop a comprehensive database designed to iden- tify, assess and track high risk infants, children and families in our community. 5. Expand current mentoring programs (Big Brothers/Big Sisters of Lubbock, African American Real Men) by recruiting additional volunteers to match the rising demand of youth in need of guid- ance and positive role models. Education/School Drop -out 1. Expand the Head -Start Program to all eligible children. 2. Develop programming that focuses on early identi- fication and intervention with high -risk elemen- tary school children and their parents before their problems become chronic or severe. 3. Expand literacy/GED classes to a neighborhood level and encourage family literacy. 4. Expand the Tech -Prep ,Program to a broader popula- -3- tion of students. Tech Prep is a sequence of study beginning in high school and continuing through at least two years of postsecondary occu- pational education. The program parallels the college prep course of study and presents an r alternative to the general education program. It prepares students for high -skill technical occupa- tions and allows either direct entry into the workplace after high school graduation or continu- ation of study which leads to an associate degree in a two-year college. Targeted occupations: ■* Health occupations ■* Business/computer occupations * Manufacturing technology/electronics * Child care * Environmental technology * Law enforcement ■ Initial implementation programs * Defined as demand and emerging occupations by the South'Plains Quality Work Force 5. Recruit minority and male teachers up to a level 14- I r o. that is reflective of the demographics of the stu- dent population within LISD. 6. Schools should work with community agencies to construct a unified system of youth development, a 4 joint enterprise that recognizes the common goals of schools and community agencies while respecting their inherent differences and strengths. Such a system should involve joint planning and decision making; build on existing institutional and orga- nizational resources and devote financial and human resources to deliver the required services. Youth Crime 1. Continue support of 'systems designed to track known juvenile offenders and gang members through the Lubbock Police Department and the Criminal District Attorney's Office. 2. Continue support at current levels for prevention and intervention programs provided by Community Development, Parks and Recreation and the Lubbock Police Department: such as R-POP/B-POP, Youth Outreach Opportunities, and the Summer Satellite Program. Achieve closer coordination between city -5- programs and private non -profits. 3. Establish strong neighborhood associations city wide, prioritizing distressed neighborhoods as _ high priorities. 4. Incorporate Community Policing as a way of doing business, and building rapport between police and - neighborhood residents. Employment 1. city of Lubbock needs to take the lead role by bringing city employment of minorities up to at least the levels reflected in the 1990 census. 2. Expand public sector youth employment programs to include the private sector by networking with — Senator_Montford's Youth Employment Subcommittee. 3. Develop apprenticeship programs within city de- partments and other organizations, both public and private, that will provide job specific skills training aimed at creating long-term employment. 4. Expand adult programs including GED and vocational training services aimed at reducing welfare recip- ients and overall unemployment. Special emphasis should be given to tracking and involving recent school drop -outs. 5. Council appoint an Advisory Board of corporate leaders to promote the community -wide employment efforts. 6. Staffing of current employment programs (i.e., JTPA) must reflect the ethnicity of clients being served. Teen Pregnancy 1. Support the recommendations made by the Teenage Pregnancy Task Force. 2. Develop an integrated plan with existing parenting programs to reduce the City of Lubbock and LISD's role in sex education. 3. Establish a Youth Advisory Council. -7- Community -Based Service Delivery 1. Work toward comprehensive services offered under one roof at the neighborhood levels, by obtaining _ multiple uses of existing public buildings. 2. Develop satellite centers in neighborhoods throughout the city to expedite service delivery. — 3. Work toward the formation of a Community Network with the inclusion of decision makers from the City of Lubbock, County of Lubbock, the District Attorney's Office, Lubbock County Juvenile Proba- tion, LISD, Texas Tech University, South Plains College, Job Source, Texas Employment Commission, — MHMR, Department of Human Services, and other involved agencies. Conclusion' The problems of youth, especially those in high -risk situa- tions, are community issues and must.be approached by a community -wide partnership of government and citizens. Solutions will require the concerted efforts of adults, parents, churches, civic groups, institutions of higher learning, governmental agencies, community based organiza- -8- tions, criminal justice system, and schools. We must real- ize that the problems facing young citizens, while not com- plex, cannot be resolved in one or two years. Positive change and influence require a long term commitment. The City of Lubbock, with the creation of the Youth Services Coordinator's position, has already taken the lead in initi- ating a course of action that will bring about positive change thereby providing hope for all the citizens of Lubbock. There are 27 recommendations included in this report. The cost of implementing these recommendations now are minimal in comparison to future costs if the problems are left unaddressed. -9- OVERVIEW During the past years, the issues concerning our youth and adolescents have become increasingly important to our commu- nity. The City of Lubbock has begun to examine closely the governmental role in the implementation and facilitation of youth initiatives and it has been identified as one of the top priorities for our community. According to a recent Urban Institute report, there has been an increasing profes- sional and legislative concern about the precarious state of adolescents in America today, particularly young adolescents between the ages of 10-15.1 Some estimates suggest that as many as half of today's youth run a moderate to high risk of school failure or participation in early sexual activity, alcohol and drug abuse or criminal behaviors. In addition to the precarious state of our adolescents, there is an extremely high social and fiscal cost associated with the problems of adolescents. The Urban Institute reports goes on to say that "despite evidence of long-term negative consequences of problems that emerge in early adolescents; this nation has no coordinated policy to help its at -risk youth prepare for adulthood and little system- — atic information on the magnitude of service needs for 1 Source: Urban Institute -10- I 0 adolescents in a given community. instead, existing services for these youths suffer from fragmentation, inade- quate resources and a preoccupation with problems instead of strengths".2 With this as a backdrop, the City of Lubbock has prepared this Strategic Plan for Youth Initiatives to provide a community -wide perspective to the problems and issues associated with our youth population. The Ultimate Costs of Juvenile Delinquency On a local basis, the cost of unsuccessful youth initiatives is staggering. The State of Texas continues to struggle with its role in providing services to the youth population. More importantly, it also continues to grapple with the cost of ailing educational systems, high school drop -out rates, teen pregnancy, and juvenile delinquency, which have caused r in many instances our taxes to increase greatly. Probably the most visible aspect of our failure to educate and successfully transition adolescents into adulthood is shown in the Texas prison system. About 120 new inmates are flowing into Texas prisons every day, of which 85% are alco- holic and drug abusers, 45% are illiterate or read at less than a sixth grade level, and 80% are high school drop -outs. 2 Source: Urban Institute r., -.11- According to the Texas Board of Criminal Justice (TBCJ), over the past eight years prison appropriations for criminal justice has increased in the State of Texas by 127%.3 State of Texas Increase in State Expenditures Adjusted for Inflation (Percent Increase in Last Eight Years) -I - I I -I Totol 42 Other 50 Higher Education 2 Public Education 20 Employee Benefits 25 Transportation 32 Health/Human Sery 101 P.Safety/Corrections 127 TBCJ has requested a budget of $4 billion for 1994-95. In 1993, $1.18 billion was budgeted for prisons. The TBCJ is asking for $1.997 billion in 1994. With increases like 3 Source: Texas Board of Criminal Justice -12- that, it is becoming clear that unless serious actions are taken soon to prevent ,high school drop -outs, teen pregnancy, juvenile delinquency, and other social dilemmas, taxes will explode. Cone of our lawmakers, Senator Jim Turner of Huntsville, has only to look at the State prison in his own legislative dis- Texas is trict, to know that the crime wave out of control. With the State's inmate population growing by leaps and bounds, he has become convinced that Texas won't be able to bail itself out of the crime problem. The only practical A solution is to catch the trouble -makers at an early age while they are still children and have yet to cause serious problems. Senator Turner believes that looking at such problems as parenting, the shortage of basic health care for r' children, the high rate of school drop -outs, and the need for more youth programs, would yield necessary data to develop strategies for preventing juvenile crime. Every day life in areas of our city has grown so desperate and dreary that the threat of incarceration by comparison has lost its power as a scare tactic. In fact, many youth today perceive the penitentiary as somewhat glamorous. Too many youth believe that going to prison in our community is like going to the Army was for our previous generation. -13- Previously, young men spent a couple of -years in the Army, many now spend a'couple in prison. The TBCJ estimates that even with 37,000 prison beds now being added at a cost of $1 billion, the State of Texas will soon need an additional 28,000 prison beds.4 Thus, by the year 1995, about 92,000 inmates will be behind bars. By the year 2000, Texas could have 120,000 citizens incarcerated. The cost of supporting them in prison will be nearly $2 billion per year. It costs the taxpayers $35.76 per day to keep an inmate in a Texas prison. That amounts to $13,052.40 per year per prisoner. Inmates with health problems are much more expen- sive. If the cost of debt service for new prisons is added, the actual cost of imprisoning inmates is closer to $42.76 per day, meaning the cost per inmate per year is approxi- mately $15,607. By comparison, for a full year to send a student to Texas Tech University (summer included), including tuition, books, housing, and food,plus $300 a month spending money, would cost about $12,000.5 Comparatively, the Lubbock Independent School District estimates that it costs $4,731 a year to educate one student.6 4 Source: Texas Board of Criminal Justice 5 Source: Texas Tech University -14- { In addition, recent Texas Department of Health statistics indicate the following7: ■ it costs $600 to provide prenatal care for one expectant mother. To treat one premature baby for one day is $2,500. ■ To treat an average individual infected with HIV costs an estimated $102,000. A box of condoms costs $3.00. ■ An estimated dollar spent on prenatal care saves an estimated $3.38 medical cost during the infant's first year. ■ Every dollar spent for immunization services saves $10 in health care cost caused by childhood ill- ness. ■ Every dollar spent on quality child care saves $6 in social welfare, special education, and juvenile justice cost. 6 Source: Lubbock Independent School District 7 Source: Texas Department of Health -15- Mission Statement A recommended mission statement was proposed in the early stages of the strategic plan research, to set the stage and process for development of the plan itself.- This mission statement states that "Youth initiatives.shall promote and support the welfare of the children and youth of our commu- nity, enabling them to have safe, healthy and productive lives". The City will work to support and promote this mission through: 1. Identifying risk factors; 2. Developing a community youth profile; 3. Recognizing positive and negative trends; 4. Compiling an inventory of available facilities and services; 5. Determining program and service gaps; 6. Facilitating community linkages and networking with youth service providers; 7. Educating the community; 8. Development strategies to address program and service gaps; and 9. Pursuing implementation of needed programs and services. -16— RISK FACTORS There are many well -funded research papers which identify and discuss the risk behaviors and the factors that pre- determine behavior. The traditional definitions of risk had a behavioral emphasis that focused on preventing a single type of negative behavior such as substance abuse. This traditional view assessed risk on the basis of problem behaviors in which youth are already engaged in. The new definition of risk which is outlined in the Urban Institute Report states that an alternative definition of risk that allows for an assessment geared specifically to young adolescents.$ This definition "emphasizes the early signs of dysfunction rather than the onset of negative or destructive behaviors, and facilitates both the provision and integration of comprehensive services". With this framework of examining risk, there would be four components. "This would include the risk and.antecedents such as poverty, neighborhood/environment, and family dys- function which are environmental forces that can have a neg- ative effect on youth and make them increasingly vulnerable to later family, school and community problem". 8 Source: The Urban Institute/Policy and Research Report Winter/Spring 1993 r+ -17- A recent Carnegie Corporation report identified "that living in an economically deprived neighborhood is one of the major facts which promotes high risk behaviors".9 The study fur- ther states that "the case for focusing on low income neigh- borhoods is strengthened by knowledge that economically deprived areas tend to also have less adequately funded pub- lic services, higher crime rates, more drugs, more physical danger, and fewer positive role models for young people". The family has become "part of the problem, instead of part of the solution", in addressing many of the issues associ- ated with the youth population. Family dysfunction and lack of parental support are identified as precursors to many negative behaviors. The Carnegie Report shows that 1140% of the adolescents' waking hours are discretionary - not com- mitted to other activities (such as eating, school, house- work, chores, or working for pay)". The report goes on to say that "many young adolescents" spend virtually all of this discretionary time without companionship or supervision from responsible adults. They spend the time alone, with peers, or in some cases - with adults who may exert negative influences on them or exploit them. 9 Source: Carnegie Corporation - Task Force on Youth Development and Community Programs —18— Secondly, it would include risk markers such as poor school performance or involvement with child protective services which are visible indicators of problems that previous research suggest are linked with increased vulnerability and the potential onset of negative behavior. The third component is problem behavior such as early sexual activity, truancy, running away from home, early use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs which are associated with delinquent peers, have the potential to harm youth, the com- munity, or both. The fourth component is risk outcomes such as pregnancy, homelessness, prostitution, delinquency, sexually trans- mitted disease, and other life threatening conditions and death by accident, suicide or homicide which are the results that stem from problem behaviors. These outcomes are more prevalent among this age group than are generally assumed. The Urban Institute Report further states "that the number of youth who fall within the definition of risk and could benefit from preventive and supportive services is stagger-- ing".10 Evidence suggests that one-fourth of today's youth, ages 10-15 are at high probability of experiencing at 10 Source: Urban Institute Report —19— r. least one of the risk components. Another one-fourth are at a moderate risk. Moreover, the researchers'fou'nd that many of the same ascendants and markers are present regardless of which negative behavior outcome is examined. Additionally, we reviewed risk factors as they were deter- mined by the Substance Abuse Prevention Partnership. These also identified risk factors by groupings; including commu- nity, school, family and individual risk factors. No single factor determines . the future of a child, but a combination of these factors;increases the possibility of a non -productive adulthood. -20- DEVELOPING A COMMUNITY YOUTH PROFILE In a youth -centered city, every neighborhood would have a network of affordable, accessible, safe, and challenging opportunities that appeal to the diverse interest of its youth. -Development of such a network is dependent on our understanding the demographic data concerning our youth. The following is a profile of Lubbock's youth population.11 Non Hispanic African or African American Hispanic American Total Population under age 5 1,665 4,886 7,725 14,276 Population age 5-9 years 1,597 4,698 7,577 13,872 Population age 10-14 years 1,458 4,309 6,794 12,561 Population age 15-19 years 1,598 4,070 10,529 16,197 Total 6,318 17,963 32,625 56,906 LISD 1992-93 4,099 11,376 14,893 30,368 ■ Approximately 13,831 (24.3%) of Lubbock's 56,906 youth ages 0-19 years live in poverty. ■ 25.8% of Lubbock's families with children are headed by a single parent (20.3% female, 5.5% male). These youth are distributed geographically in Lubbock as shown on Exhibits 1-7 as follows. 11 Source: 1990 Census F -21- POPULATION 2.01 ec�oatn�tr , , UNDER AGE 5 CITYOF LUBBOCK i 195 I 14,276 ---------� 4., PARTIAL 4.05 utsasear e � 3.02 "'�+ 9 s0 ----- 455 524 104.01 5 �sr 468 8 I PARR * .4 effm I 11 ------ ---�1---z_ I - 4.0B 3.01 368 S6 10 j 4.04 .02 4.03 6.03 os 7 I 262 I 206 236 255 38 x 127 j I 276 tomsTRW EW"Tmsntwr I rl 17.06 17.02 16.02 16.01 15 14 13 12 I j $ 467 268 182 317 438 364 ii I I smmntw j 281 ,� Hnia"tw < 25 194 L--------------------- -I 18.01 19.01 20 3 4 I '� 17.03 443 301 322 358 748 POPULATMN 1 466 Tn` son�smm� I TRACTS UNDER AGE E 19.03 21.01 22.01 3.01 i 187 I 433 8 257 4.06 67 • 7.05 306 512 168 6.03 309 I 6.04 68 9 244 289 18.0 Loorar I 6.05 197 Ir 238 141 13.0 2 22.237 GAG 76 t rrrnsTre�Er I 104.03 105.02 105.04 165.65 105.06 I I` --- ---- --- --- I 104.M 126 364 1681 * oomnmT ,a Itepo"a opto0U111ry m" SOURCE:1990 CENSUS OF i PAF"'"�* 63= i N W I POPULATION J `.ul amms" r 'L-- ' >t AGE 5-9 YEARS i- CITY OF LUBBOCK 241 39872 4.05 tmawsr� 3.02 350 533 1----- 1a.ot 5 etspcwsr 8 546 1 PARML -------------.r- — 4.08 3.01 359 63 j .rrimrar 4.04 .02 4.03 2 03 m 7 r ` i 200 Z79 � 252 MW a � Y oe 27 267 nrrrsnegr ! 17.06 17.02 16.02 16.01 15 14 13 12 387 236 150 295 344 387 1 anMenes, L — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1 237 � xrxsrnm < 25 18.01 19.01 20 23 i 4 j 17.03 428 311 305 360 732 TRACTS POPULATION I 407 " sonrarnrrr 21.01 AGE 5-9 YEARS ! . 336 Z96 4.06 44 1 7.05 315 474 6.03 243 I 0.04 53 j 170 358 18.0 6.05 149 301 19.0 71 21.02 156 22.02 220 6.06 74 1 savosn�rr 1 104.03 105.04 105.05 105.06 1 L — 1D101 996 169 403 419 107 j Z ![T ; RlrORrEDCN00lftirlW ! 205 I 193 r. SOURCE: 1990 CENSUS OF PA'�""AL" POPULATION & HOUSING ! ___________ ____ ____J CITY LIMITS I _--------__ PREPARED BY CITY OF LUBBOCK ` 92 NORTH PLANNING DEPARTMENT N i ------! 2 POPULATION .01 ---- AGE 10.14 YEARS '----- CITY OF LUBBOCK --- J 144 204 102 �---- 4.05 uauwEar P w 3.02 ''•. _ g �� ----- 338 568 1 104M 5 VtVWsr 8 b73 --- PAlRM * opt -------------�---, 4.08 3.01 295 67 10 11 _ 104.02 'TMi^RW 4.04 .02 4.03 b .03 .05 7 I I „ 279 I 123 292 279 a _M 17 116 < 211 »tMnrr eurnmsnrerr Raw�so«�ooumrwr I 17.08 17.02 16.02C18.01 15 14 13 12 354 162 10 224 245 311 I I Nr►►:r�ecrr 19 xmsnetrr ° 25 191 1 L------------------- ---- 192 18.01 19.01 20 3 < 24 < I I 2Tb y I 17.03 396 2b6 243 663 POPULATION 254 sonrenarr 1 21.01 TRACTS AGE 10.14 YEARS I I 3.01 168 1 366 a 346 q 4.06 34 I • 7.05 340 457 207 1 6.03 170 I _ r 6.04 53 < 1 127 416 18.0 19.E too.b. l 22.02 I 328 128 181 171 6.06 50 I � 104.03105.02 105.04 105.05 105.06 F - Lr----_ - - - - -- 1D1O1 413 180 404 340 74 1 = SOURCE: 1990 CENSUS OF I P"'�" "" S,, STAmr I POPULATION & HOUSING ! ___________ 10 .o� � CITY LIlVIITS ---- I ____ 77 r ----------- PREPARED BY CITY OF LUBBOCK j I NORTH PLANNING DEPARTMENT rt w N to i POPULATION -------! 2.01 &wmb.►tar JLj - --, ----� r-_---_ 1 AGE 15-19 YEARS '----- CITY OF LUBBOCK i 19i _ J 168 L4.05 _ 169197 PARM 3.02 ''• g-----� 337 645 1 1----- 104.01 5 aexo�n 8 648 ----------, PARM * A o+ev! 11 1 --------=----tr---z_ 4.08 3.01 241 67 10104.02 ^""tw* 4.04 .02 4.03 3�409 .CM3 °S 7 2S5 108 384 274 eaom 6.04 r .06 68 130 1 * oorntrtmal ri 285 nnrrrRnrr eurnn�snerrr RvoRttooNooumnur I 17.08 17.02 16.02 16.01 15 14 13 12 I _ j $ 613 157 226 197 265 245 !i 1 "Mornrtr 101 fo 18.01 19.01 xrn.narr 20 3 ` 24 s 25 220 I _ L_____________________I I' 17.03 319 259 225 214 522 POPULATMN 376 ,mom AGE A15- a ; 21.01 v . 3.01 254 I 326 386 4.06 70 • 7.05 330 456 166 1 6.03 358 6.04 80 ri 127 396 18. loop= 1 6.05 135 (/, ( 293 123 216 155 6,06 70 !ms" rr 1 104.03 105.04 105.05 105.06 F, -'Lr - -- - ta.ot 264 178 297 238 71 1 SOURCE:1880 CENSUS OF 1 P"�""`' POPULATION HOUSING ! ___________ r---- i CITY LIMITS T 1 _.__I 60 PREPARED BY CITY OF LUBBOCK `- ----------- NORTH PLANNING DEPARTMENT N ON I I FAMILIES 201 mwmasTmT BELOW POVERTY KEW � I � CITY OF LUBBOCK ; 22.3% 23.6% o 4.05 _ 5.4/e _ ° 27.6% SAMPLE DATA ; 104.01 5 vmxm ST 8 33.6% I PARTIAL * _ 02 D" „ I 1 -------------tom--� _ I I 4.os 3.01 43.4°� ?r • 10 1 i 104. 11"fB Elf 4.04 4.02 4.03 s '% 7 ° � 0 .os 41.1 % Y 9.2% 3.3% 6.9% oa .oe 75.4% 24.0% +► to1 pim TMcn rl 14.9% nnrsmEEr Emrivy" w RE►ORED OR MMYW1r 17.06 17.02 16.01 16.02 15 14 13 12 1 I 9.6% 14.4%r79 0 9.5% 20.9% 43.9% 1 xrMsneEEr � a.nrsrnEEr o � 25 $ 1 I L_______________ 18.01 19.01 20 23 24 1 17.03 7.2% 9.1% 13.5% 19.3% �� ° FAMILIES I > ,o, ME" 27.7% I RACTS BELOW POVERTY 17.9% 18.03 19.03 21.01 � 22.01 .01 29.2% i e 5.2 /o 3.7% ° 3.8/e L-1 .06 17.97o 17.05 10.7% 16.2% .03 44.8 /0 r_ .04 13.6% r 5.9%° 1.4% 18.0 .05 33.9%4.2% 19.04 21.02 22.02 54.0% � 3.2% 3.0% 10.0%.06 rnnsneEEr 1 104.03105.02 105.04 105.05 105.06 f - 1 L--------------------� \ 1 ta.ot 1 2% 0901. 20 06 82 1 i SOURCE: 1990 CENSUS OF PARTIAL « �.r►IsrREEr POPULATION & HOUSING L------------ 105.07 �- - _ _ - CITY LIlVIITS REPARED BY CITY OF LUBBOCK NORTH PLANNING DEPARTMENT I ,HINSIREEr-' Ln N 4 I % FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN THAT ARE FEMALE HEAD CITY OF LUBBOCK 20.3% I I I •n�arRttr rJ I I I 18.7% I amr stRet'r L----------------- ----- % FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN THAT ARE TRACTS FEMALE HEAD 3.01 21.9% 4.06 19.4% 6.03 34.7% 6.04 24.2% 6.05 33.5% 6.06 44.4% SOURCE: 1990 CENSUS OF POPULATION & HOUSING PREPARED BY CITY OF LUBBOCK PLANNING DEPARTMENT v 25.2% 1 1. V l BtQEtD arRt�r I I I I 32.0% 3.02 ''•� 11.0% 18.7% 5 rxs#ow sr 4.06 kilrl 02 14.03 0 I% 13.7% x flMaiRW 17.06 17.02 16.01 16.02 15 14 - 24.5% 26.6% 20.9% 23.5% 27. fp somstrew 18.01 19.01 20 3 18.3% 'r 17.03 15.7°/ � 19.5% 23.4% 23. � sotttsrR�t 29.2° 21.01 16.40/b " 14 0°/ ` J I LI -_----! I------1 Km 14.2% I 102---- PARTIAL* j I o 40.2/o I rRsb I r----------- � 8 I 1 31.8% t► 10 I I ' �+ as 44.2° .m 52.500 24.9% i MYRAM VW rar"$nT r ; REPORM on COLWY W 13 12I I 9/6 23.6% I 0 ` 25 54.9% -- 24 .c /e 26.0% '. +� I I I 7.05 16.01/ 27.1 % 17.6% j 8.2% 11.1% iooPM � .02 118.0 19.0 10.7% 8.0% 16.f °/ 14.5% - amo s"kw I 104.03 105-02 105.04 105.05 105.06 r -- --` 104.01 9.8% 9.8% 7.7% 10.6% 10.* x I PARTIAL A I L #,>Hstt r CITY LRvHTS 105.0 -[ 1 9.4% L---"'I I I ----------- NORTH rt 11 % FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN THAT ARE MALE HEAD CITY OF LUBBOCK 5.5% I 1 1a.o1 PARTIAL* .n�srreEEr .04 3.4% 2.4% 1 17 06 8 \ 2.7% 4.02 4.us p .03 .05 7 , t 50% 1 2.1 %..at� Y o � .oe 10.0 /o nn�sTr+tEr 17 02 16 01 16 02 15 14 13 2.01 e[u s►REEr I r---------J I I � I ---J 6.5% 4.05- uu[awEar� 3.02 2.9% 6.6% 5 Emsawsr 4.06 3.01 5.2% j 3.1 % 4.3% 3.6% 1.9% 5.9% 7.4% { a�nrsmEEr L----------------------I 3.9% 1a "lwsmm, o 18.01 19.01 20 23 * 24 1 % FAMILIES WITH I 17.03 5.5% 3.3% w 5.4% e 6.1 /o 5.3% CHILDREN THAT I 4.7% ` soT+�st>rErr TRACTS ARE MALE HEAD 1 18.03 19.03 21.01 .01 3.01 6.97g I 3.4% o 2.4 /o ` 4.06 8.2% I 7.05 2.8% 4.7% 6.03 9.4% 1 6.04 9.1% 3.9% 2.6% 18.0 19.0 LOOP' M 1.0 6.05 8.5% j 2.6"/0 1.7% 5.0% 22.02., 6.06 8.6% I MNDsmEEr I 104.03 10 105.04 105.05 105.06 1 1w.o1 1.4% 3.6% 0.9% 2.5% 3.8°/ SOURCE: 1990 CENSUS OF PARTIAL * I wn+sraeEr POPULATION & HOUSING L ---------- 105_07_L_-- PREPARED BY CITY OF LUBBOCK i I PLANNING DEPARTMENT i lf4r"s'"' 1 4.7% 102 PARTIAL * I d i -----------� Dow 11 1 10 I � 1 9.1 % I * ooMrtM TRocu E�sr»TMaTREET IKrolttcoonca�rvrsr 2 1 25 6.9% r� I 1 L_1 CITY LIMITS fi ----------- NORTH rt V Lubbock's youth represent a rich array of racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds, and this diversity will increase in the coming decades. Community programs must be prepared to understand and respond to this diversity. -29- RECOGNIZING POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE TRENDS Lubbock's youth trends mirror that of other cities of equal size. The majority of our youth, guided by parents and ex- tended family, encouraged by school and supported by their community, go on to become productive law abiding citizens. We must not down play the fact that risk factors and problem behaviors can be found among people of all income levels and in all communities nor can we overlook the fact that some youth from even the worst neighborhoods manage to avoid problem behavior. This is not the case for many others who have become victims of gangs, crime, teen pregnancy, drugs, academic failure, and school drop -out. What caused our youth to develop the attitudes they now have? What were the sources, institutions and images re- sponsible? The University of Michigan conducted a survey in 1950 and repeated the survey in 1980, attempting to deter- mine the major influences on children. The study was re- _ peated in 1989 by a professor at Wayne State University. -30- Listed below are their findings: 1950 1 Home/Parents 2 School 3 Church 4 Peers 5 Television 1980 1 Home/Parents 2 Peers 3 Television 4 School 5 Church 1989 1 Peers 2 Television/Radio 3 Home/Parents 4 School 5 Church The institutions have drastically changed since 1950. The peer group and electronic media have increased their influ- ence while home, school, and church have rapidly declined. This change in attitude is at the core of the youth issue. Over the past five years, critical juvenile statistics in the area of crime, gangs, teenage pregnancy, school drop- out, poor academic performance, and drug distribution and usage have increased drastically. The following is a sum- mary of Lubbock's statistics in each category. Locally, the juvenile crime arrest rate has increased by 29% since 1988. In 1992, 2,053 juveniles were arrested as com- pared to 1,593 in 1988. of those arrested in 1.992, 21 of the offenders were between the ages of 1 and 9 years old. -31 Nine of the crimes were committed by African American males, five by Hispanic males, and 3 by Caucasian males. The remaining offenders for this age group were female. Of particular interest is the fact that juvenile crime for years 1991 and 1992 is highest during the quarter preceding summer or the quarter following summer. In 1991, summer was the third highest quarter for juvenile crime. There is no statistical data available which analyzes juvenile crime patterns as it relates to the time of year. Exhibits 8-11 as follows, highlight the local and national juvenile crime statistics. -32- w w LUBBOCK.POLL.. DEPARTMENT JUVENILE DIVISION STATISTICAL REPORT FOR :YFARLY , 19..2.E ACE 6 RACE TYPE OF OFFENSE TOTALS co a ,E, '� tib 6 (,,%J4 0 Qois 14 V O kt• �'�'� y r OCy G 4C9 O ti• JO h O� 0 9 � 4 G. e o 4 b 4 � w a, � O ti`b � F c, -c w o`b a°j °. �. q O q c. •c o�.y y�•A°j � e� JO G 4•".ti �e a, w 4 .0 3'� _ 4eC .� 4a'F� s. a^' er✓� �b~ QQ' �� ap Q' 4i� l: `� G -Z` i?�' O O q R. p' 4 R O O A. Q i'�i fee �iee��� =MORMONmi�e���iie��■�iiieii�i mee�e��,■ ��� ue■■ wee ■���� REFERRALS To Probation Office 1721 To Children's Protective 2 Services To Other Author ' ities 239 ARREST DISPOSITIONS Total Referrals 1962 Counseled b Released 91 FTotal Arrests 2053 SHIFT ACI VITY SHIN' I SHIFT It TOTALS Arrests Made 2053 Counseled 6 Field Calls Total Handled 2180 Percentage Handled 100% 4 LUBBOCK POLICE DEPARTMENT JUVENILE DIVISION STATISTICAL REPORT FOR YEARLY 19 91 ACE 6 RACE TYPE OF OFFENSE TOTALS 'r 1' �0 ti a' t. � '" 'C d ti• J fi G i` QOO 6 ti 0 A 0 '�. b y 4 A Q G Q �. 4 Oi 4 �' , 6 4 J 0 O O 4 6 •Q } b g ti y J L '�. '� A 0 t� 4� �' 'O G O G 'r q O t r �• r C J 4 4. 'r C h C 'r A• ti R... eC a � tc0�� \ a^' 6°'Rs w2 �~ �q� q b J t, Ci O O �J 40 Q• �, � 1(Cr T � CC G CJ .'�" ` Q � Q' V 'J C~ 4J fti�' O C �` ��O 'J �O I�i �• V �Q 17 1 3 2 2 1 •2 1 2 3 1 9 16 133 73 136 65 65 35 7 2 20 2 52 126 40 12 24 11 11 3 13 7 159 5 107 619 15 91 50 153 101 72 37 1 6 2 23 1 48 130 1 21 2 36 9 2 14 2 3 13 191 2 92 609 14 52 43 93 96 44 36 1 2 1 XIC 24 104 1 16 21 1 5 1 3 4 1167 61 11 430 13 Y8 31 86 62 20 '27 1 2 1 16 86' 7 19 1 3 3 1 2 101 1 28 286 12 26 19 38 22 19 11 4 1 7 68 3 12 2 43 8 157 11 8 7 42 12 .7 1 7 39 1 9 21 1 27 7 97 to 8 1 14 2 6 5 1 1 24 6 1 5 4 1_9 5 12 1 12 6 3 Z4 3 1 1 t2282 �TOT. 51 225 577 363 247 15811 2 16:15 0 6 158 602 87 1G 132 24 8 33 5 20 26 697 8 309 ARREST DISPOSITIONS Total Referrals 1782 Counseled 6 Released 129 Total Arrests 1911 SHIFT ACTIVITY SHIFT I SHIFT II TOTALS Arrests Made 1911 Counseled b Field Calls 215 Total Handled 2126 Percentage Handled loot 1 1 2 ------ 1 -711 --1 ---1 -11 -A I -I Juvenile Arrests 500 450 350 300 250 200 ISO National Statistics . ........................... . . . ........................... . ................... ..... ......................... ................. I ........ .......................... .......................... .......................... ......................... ... ...................... ......................... ............... ......... .............. ........... .................................................... .......................... ...................... ... .......................... ......................... .... ............. I . ................... ...... .......................... .......................... ........................ *.*�.'...*.'.*.'-.*..* . .......................... ........... .............. .......................... ......................... Vi ......................... .................... -- . ......................... . lent -crime .......................... .......................... .......................... .................. .......................... arrests pe .......................... ...... ......... ....... ...... .................. I ......................... .... .... . .... L 100,000 juveriffes, age, 10-17 . .......... .............. ...................... ... ....... ........ ...... .......... ........... ... ..................... ............. I ...... ..... I .................... (Ir ......................... icludes mt .......... 11-1 .......... rder, forcit ..... ................... Ae rape, .... ... ............ . . . ............................................... ........................................................ ......................... ..... ro .......................... bbery and ......................... aggravate ......................... J assault) ........................ ...... I ................... .......................... .......................... ...... I ................... .. I ........................ ...... I ...... I ........... .... 100 — 1965 1968 1970 1972 1975 1978 1980 1982 1985 ❑ Juveniles accounted for 17% of all violent -crime arrests in 1991. ❑ Juvenile arrests for murder increased by 85% between 1987 and 1991. 0 Three of every 10 juvenile murder arrests involved a victim under the age of 18 in 1991. Sources: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. U.S. Justice Dept.; FBI 1987 1990 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 GUNS AND HOMICIDES . . . . .................. - .............. ....................... Weapons uE ..................... .................................. ed in homicidf I ............... ................ ....... s ................................... ..... .......... .......... I ......................... ....... .... I ............................. .................................... ................. __ . . ......... .... ... ... A.... .... . by juveniles ........... ....................... under age 18 I .......... ........................ ...... " .................... ................................... ................................ ................................... ............................... ............................ ................................... .......... .................................... ..... ....... ............ ................................... I ................... .......... ... Guns ................................ ... ........... I.., ....... - .......... ........................... - .......... . ................................... ................................... .......................... .... ................................... ............... I ....... ........ .................................. .......... ................... ..... ........................... ............. ................................... ...... ...... Other .............. ........ ....... ......... ......... ...... . ................................... ................................... ......................... I ......... ................... ............................... -) .................................. Veapons _J 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 El Between 1987 and 1991, juvenile arrests for weapons violations increased 62%.' El One out of 5 weapons arrests in 1991 was a juvenile arrest. El Black youths were arrested for weapons -law violations at a rate triple that of white youths in 1991; they were victims of homicides at a rate sb( times higher than whites. 1 I I I I , I I i I I I I 1 11 1 1 1 1 : I I - I I Juvenile Crime Statistics 1992 12 Summary # of Arrests % of Total Hispanic 1,044 51% Anglo 635 31% African American 374 18% TOTAL 2,054 100% Juvenile Probation Statistics Summary # on Probation % of Total Hispanic 418 54.6% African American 181 23.7% Anglo 166 21.7% TOTAL 765 100.0% * Lubbock County Juvenile Probation * Period ending August 31, 1992 Disturbingly, most chronic delinquents, regardless of eth- nicity, continue to be involved in criminal activity as adults. There were 560 local inmates in the County jail as of June 1, 1993. The following Chart is an ethnic breakdown of these inmates. 12 Source: Lubbock Police Department -37- Chart #1 Lubbock County Jail Statistics 13 # of Inmates Percentage African American 247 44% Hispanic 185 33% Anglo 128 23% TOTAL 560 African Americans and Hispanics represent 31.1% of the city's population, yet these groups represent 77% of the jail population. On the other hand, Anglos represent 67.2% of the city's population, yet they represent only 23% of the jail population. 13 Source: Lubbock County Jail MY E The following chart shows the adult probation statistics by race/ethnicity for Lubbock County. Chart 2 Lubbock County Adult Probation Statistics Felonies # on Probation % of Total Anglo 681 42% African American 559 34% Hispanic 376 23% Other 11 1% TOTAL 1,627 100% Misdemeanors # on Probation % of Total Hispanic 706 45% Anglo 630 40% African American 218 14% Other 15 1% TOTAL 1,569 100% Felonies and Misdemeanors # on Probation % of Total Anglo 1,311 41% Hispanic 1,082 34% African American 777 24% Other 26 1% TOTAL 3,196 100% * Source Lubbock County Adult Probation * Period ending August 31, 1992 ■ Anglos received probation more frequently than African Americans or Hispanics. -39- A comparison of the Juvenile Crime Statistics and the Lubbock County Jail statistics indicate that the ethnicity of those jailed as adults however, is a drastic departure from the criminal trends established as juveniles. A careful analysis of the local crime statistics show a clear and strong correlation between distressed areas of the city, income, and criminal activity. The characteristics which depict distressed neighborhoods include percentage of unemployment, percentage of vacant housing, percentage of persons living below poverty guidelines and percentage of housing built before 1960. (See Exhibits 12-16, Pages 42-46) Lubbock County Jail Statistics June 1, 1993 # of Inmates Residing in # of Inmates Distressed Neighborhoods Percentage African American 247 224 91% Hispanic .185 160 86% Anglo 128 72 56% TOTAL 560 456 81.4% The above chart shows the percentage of inmates who reside in a distressed neighborhood. Eighty-one and four tenths percent -40- (81.4%) of all county jail inmates reside in a distressed neighborhood. Of particular note is the fact that fifty-six percent (56%) of the Anglo inmates come from the same area, while this area represents only fifteen percent (15%) of the city-wide Anglo population. Population in Distressed Neighborhoods 14 Population % of City Population Hispanic 28,025 67% Anglo 18,765 15% African American 11.877 74.5% TOTAL 58,667 31.5% Breakdown of the population in Distressed Neighborhoods and the percentage of the city population this area makes up. In addition to the majority of county jail inmates residing in Distressed Neighborhoods, 73 percent15 of residents receiving public assistance reside in the same neighborhoods. 14 Source: 1990 Census 15 Source: Department of Human Services -41- t— — — Exhib#--V Li L Z4 Or. 5 404 ,4.C2 1403 r ................... :. i7L6 1702 o6U 16U2 r5 34TH ST 54 &A Sol 20 1703 MTm ST 50TP 903 2101 2201 Ll tlF S" 1798 1705 04 "9 1 1904 21S 2202 em ST —.03 0502 C504 10505 ST 10506 f— I 9"T. Sir 99r"IST C5.07 114TM Ist DISTRESSED NEIGHBORHO 1992 C I T Y L I M I T S 11 ODS� WORSE THAN CITY AVERAGE IN 4 OR MORE CATAGORIES -42- 7 r• r EXCEEDS CITY AVERAGE 6.7% Ih h0. ` 405 a I I ---� I--i I Exhibit 13 1 I 1 1 I L• 1 I 1 L--. 1 I it i 1 i i r 1 u I ---- 4.9% X. 1 :......:.. Z4106 i0a 02 4.04 a,G¢ 403 �6 1 k 2.7% 4.2% 5.2%';::: 6.3% 19TN o6 TM T: au; 02 u I6u2 5 la 5.5% 5.7% 5.5% 4.0% 6.6% I 34r" Sir �, TM T 34TM ST -------t�ii u+T§--------1 $vl P901 23 O 5.5 9 ''ono 4 4.1% 4.9% :?Y, 6.4% #... M, T . r 5.3% ®c-903 2101 2201 � 4.2%2.9% 2.7%T 5.4% 17.98 1705 004 116% 2.2% 1904 21 3.6% 5.1% 1.5% 3.2% T 1 10403 M02 IO504 10505 10506 F-- r -' 1 1.6% 1.8% 1.5% 2.6% 4.9r 1 1 "r. ST TM ST r- - L---_ C5.07 11 6% i I 3.01 - 10.4% 6.03 - 19.5% 6.04 - 11.0% 6.05 - 14.2% 6.06 - 17.2% s PERCENT UNEMPLOYMENT ----- CITY LIMITS �' , SOURCE: 1990 CENSUS OF POPULATION & HOUSING i -43- 1 ; I Ddiibit 14 - 1 1 t 1 L, 1 r II 1 1 11 ---- -J u ., .. •...7 . 1 EXCEEDS DS CI TY AVERAGE 1 1 2 ° ! . stj r - tT- city ,L►5 CAI 405 9 ---- 6.6% 8.8% 7.6% ,. 1 : iQ4lSfr:e 4.04 4602 403 :; 3;i : ; : r•,;.., 10 I i. :::': 9. 7 : 7 6 11 1% s ::S'• aY: 7b .17u6 t KN S T T i R02 .6u +602 d 7.7% 8 3% 10 � •4 8 .3% �/ 7 •' :?:iiiiiiiiiiitttetttd9ttttttt: 1 � �i TM T s St 71. ,• �--------Cli uwTs--- ----1 : ' ibid .901 20 23 - 8.8% ::� 5.3 % 8.5% 9.9% 9.5% :�::•;:;: al •. _ I '• 003 ,903 zla z2a - 1X. F. Y 9.2 q 2 7 7 % t . 1705, t8O4 X. .% 6 9 7.6% 2 4.0% 7.9% 8.1% t A403 10502 C504 I0505 10506 r- r --- GtY cis - - 4.2% 6.3% 4.7% 4.4% 7.5 se i. ST 9811-1 ST 1 1----,-�-- ---� r--- 3.01 - 29.6% -- L---- 05.07. 1 6.03 - 21.1% 6.04 - 21.8% _ ----- 6.05 - 37.5% 6.06 - 23.6% PERCENT VACANT, HOUSING �. ----- CITY LIMITS SOURCE: 1990 CENSUS OF POPULATION & HOUSING -44- � I --- --� Ekhibit 15 1 1 r--•1 1 1 L• 1 1 � L--� ' 1 dL u EXCEEDS CITY AVERAGE 18.6% I i 1 4 04 a 1 - �11 1 r' i r, I r 1798 t 9.4% _5 4L? 1403 3.4% 10.4% 12.4% [ 12.3% 1.0%110.3 8.7%a 4.9%_I8.9%tl 13.0% ` 7.2% 7.8% -- 19oa Zlo F� 1 5.6% 5.1% 6.1% 14.7% 10403 10502 C604 10505 i0506 t- 1.5% 9.0% 3.0% 2.7% 6.11� 6 ST WTM ST I----�Iy-�T(is-- ---� -----1 105.07 ' I 3114% 1 3.01 - 38.2% 6.03 - 45.9% 6.04 - 34.3% 6.05 - 41.6% 6.06 - 47.6% PERCENT PERSONS BELOW POVERTY f ----- CITY LI Ni1T5 a r. SOURCE: 1990 CENSUS OF POPULATION & HOUSING 7 —45— IL �hibit 16 Li EXCEEDS CITY AVERAGE 38.4% L X:-e:-:%-:-:%-:-XXX: •............. -X-Xv 405 X e v 3.4% ............. ........ % ............... x .... .. ....... .......... gxw X. ex, N, ee.'. _L_ _J F. - zzz 301 t X.N. .. .4 G4 4.0e 403 wo:-, .......... -X x 0 lz 7% 67o 3 1% ...: ... .. .......... ........... x X e r9?" ST S-cx x 1706 1702 161M 1'' ........... •% :10 ........ .... L f- a4TS - - - - :x- 170 .......... ........... ...... 8.1% .. .. . ...... 1.3%ew 1903 % 2.8 % -Bum �2 17*1311 1705 ........... .............. 0% 0.1% Iso4 Via— 0.1% 0% 0.4% 1. em ST _Ap�m IT 10403 *502 0504 10505 10506 1- - r - - - -af v r6ffs - I 0.1% 0% 0.6%1.6� . 0.7% 3.01 - 35.7% f, ST __98TH ST 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.OF 05.07 COMBINED 57.0% 1116% 114N IST L- - - - - - PERCENT OF HOUSING BUILT BEFORE 1960. EXCLUDING MOBILE HOMES CITY LIMITS SOURCE: CITY OF LUBBOCK LAND USE DATA FILE NOVEMBER 1992 -46- 7 r In the early 1970's, the youth gang problem was confined to perhaps eight or nine major cities. By 1991, Los Angeles, r. California's principal gangs, the Crips and Bloods totaled more than 30,000 members inside Los Angeles County alone, but their influence was spreading fast nationally. Now a cities where once almost every street was safe have gang problems. Los Angeles emerged as a major distribution point for cocaine in 1984. With the vast availability of drugs, the Bloods and Crips began to expand their drug distribution network to other cities and forced their will upon the people. They were far more advanced than other gang members and the locals looked up to them. Plus, the Los Angeles gangsters had the dope and in the drug business, that's the , key to power. They recruited locals showing them how to ,., make money selling drugs and they were in business. The peak age for gang members at that time was 16, but the money being generated in the drug business has kept members in longer, raising the age to 20. The profits generated in the drug business are the root cause of the violence that is commonly referred to as "turf E -47- battles". There's intense competition for drug sales and that's increasing the number of gangs and driving rival gang members to war. The rival factions are armed with state of the art weapons, including AK47's and UZIS, making drive -by shootings and homicides common occurrences. What began as a Los Angeles problem has become a national one. our city too, has been a victim of this urban chaos. According to the Lubbock Police Department, as of August 25, 1993, there are 566 known gang members and associates. The breakdown is as follows: # of Members ■ Hispanic 340 60.1% ■ African American 219 38.6% ■ Anglo 7 1.3% Male 95.9% Female 4.1% Lubbock has a growing gang problem. For the majority of the gang members, their goal is money. That's the most impor- tant thing in the mind of a gang member. He wants power, attention, prestige, and a chance to improve the quality of his life. -48- ti w. I If we are going to solve the gang problem, it will be through prevention. Despite that primary focus, we cannot write off current gang members. There are plenty of kids who can be saved but they don't know how to do it them- selves. They need the assistance of the entire community, particularly positive male role models. .... ... .... ................ ........... . Teen Pregnancy Teenage pregnancy is a very serious problem in Lubbock. For the years 1986 to 1991, Lubbock was second only to Dallas with the highest teenage pregnancy rate among girls ages 13- 17.16 In 1991, Lubbock had the highest teenage pregnancy rate of the eight largest counties in Texas - 311 babies were born to teen mothers. The racial mixture was 53.3% Hispanic, 24.8% Anglo and 21.9% African American. In 1990, k an average of 5 births per week occurred among girls 17 and under.l7 In 1989, 269 of Lubbock's 295 births to teenagers occurred at University Medical Center. Of that number, 247 or 92% of the deliveries were paid for by Medicaid, Maternal and Infant Health Improvement Act, or County Indigency Funds. 16 Source: Texas Department of Health 17 Source: Lubbock Health Department, 1992 F F -49- The rate of pregnancy among African American teenagers is higher than both Anglos and Hispanics. . Adult presumptions that accompany this issue are that high incidence of teenage pregnancy among youth nationwide grew out of youthful ignorance both about birth control methods and adolescent reproductive capabilities. Many also think that the girls are falling victims to cynical manipulation by the boys, although the numbers of babies born to adoles- cent girls appears to be awfully high`for this to be the dominant pattern. Many recent studies indicate that adults are wrong on all counts. Leon Dash, a reporter for the Washington Post, found in his study conducted in Washington D.C. through interviews with both boys and girls, that teenagers as young as eleven knew more about sex, birth control, and their re- productive abilities than previous generations had known at the same age.18 He found the girls, far from being passive victims, were often equal -or -greater actors than their boyfriends in exploring sexuality and becoming pregnant The girls were as often the leaders in their desire to have a child as the boys were. Dash states that he did not find one adolescent couple where both partners were ignorant 18 Source: Leon Dash, Reporter Washington Post -50- about the results of sexual activity without the use of con- traception. It has become clear that for many girls in poverty stricken communities, that a baby is a tangible achievement in an otherwise dreary and empty future. It is one way of announcing: I am a woman. For many boys, the birth of a baby represents an identical right of passage. The boy is saying: I am a man. Dash found the desire for a child was especially acute among adolescents who were doing poorly in school. They knew im- plicitly and had been told explicitly that they were not likely to graduate from high school. These are youths, ages thirteen to seventeen, usually one to two grades behind, who were at highest risk to get pregnant or father a child. While the better students strove for a diploma, the poor students achieved their form of recognition with a baby. The major reason cited for dropping out of school is poor academic performance. other reasons include pregnancy for females and job opportunities for males. The drop -out prob- lem in Lubbock, 5%, is greater than it is in the State of r Texas, 3.809 (Drop -out figures do not include students who drop -out prior to the seventh grade). The Lubbock Hispanic drop -out rate is double the Anglo and African American drop -out rates. School drop -outs are more depen- dent on welfare and.unemployment aid, and more likely to be involved in criminal activities than are high school gradu- ates. LISD totaled 572 drop -outs for school year 1991-92.20 The racial mixture was 55% Hispanic or 2.8% of Hispanic enroll- ment, 25% Anglo or .47% of Anglo enrollment and 19.6% African American or 2.7% of African American enrollment. According to the Urban Institute, education is a pre -requi- site for social and economic opportunity for both indi- viduals and the nation. Education is only helpful if "a stu- dent is ready to learn. This is as true for early adoles- cents as it is for preschoolers. _ "We profess to have high expectations for our students and our schools, but the are willing to settle for much less. We talk a good fight about wanting to have excellent schools 19 Source: Texas Education Agency 20 Source: Lubbock Independent School District -52- C ` when in fact we're content to have average ones" states David 7 1Gardner, former president of the University of California and Chairman it of the National Commission on Excellence in Education which wrote "A 7 Nation at Risk" published 10 years ago.21 The commission predicted that the country could soon be swallowed by a "rising tide of mediocrity" in elementary and secondary schools. In the decade since, education has become a permanent fix- ture on the national agenda, no longer simply under the scope of local districts. Two presidents have made educa- tional excellence a cornerstone of their campaigns. The business community, weary of having to run its own remedial programs, has also joined the crusade by demanding a better trained work force to compete in a global economy. on the local level, many states and districts have raised academic standards and instituted new testing programs. The dialogue has become increasingly sophisticated with everyone from school -board members to President Clinton tossing around such terms as "apprenticeship training and "cooperative learning". Sadly, despite all the talk of reform, real change has been 21 Source: National Commissionon Excellence in Education 7 -53- remarkably slow. Money - the lack ofit- has been the biggest obstacle. In 1989-90, the federal government con- tributed only 6.1'percent of the funds spent on K-12 educa- tion, nearly a percentage point less than it provided in 1983. Where's the Money Coming From? Revenues for Public Schools, By Source of Funds 1983-84 Federal (6.8%) State (47.8%) Local (45.4%) Source: Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics 1989-90 -54- Federal (6.1 %) State (47.2%) Local (46.6%) Source: Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics In addition, the recession, new immigrants, and a growing number of poor children have strained resources both nationally and locally. No school is an island, and the everyday tragedies of the outside world - drugs, street violence, teen pregnancy - have made the job of training young minds even more diffi- cult and far more crucial. In September of 1992, LISD administered the Texas Assessment -55- of Academic Skills (TARS) to the 3rd and 7th grades.22 In the Spring of 1993, LISD administered the TAAS to the 4th, 8th, and loth grades. The results are as follows: 3rd Grade Results ■ The 3rd grade test was administered in forty elementary schools. ■ 10 schools met the 70% minimum expectation. ■ Percent by race/ethnicity meeting minimum expectations: Anglo 72% Hispanics 42% African American 30% All 55% 4th Grade Results ■ Three of forty elementary schools met the 70% min- imum expectation. 22 Source: Lubbock Independent School District -56- ■ Percent by race/ethnicity meeting minimum expecta- tion: Anglo 60% Hispanics 30% African American 17% All 44% 7th Grade Results ■ The 7th grade test was administered to 7 Junior High Schools. ■ No school met the 70% minimum expectations. ■ Of the 7 schools, 3 are located in Distressed Neighbor- hoods. ■ Percent by race/ethnicity meeting minimum expectations: Anglo 56% Hispanics 19% African American 13% All 37% -57- 8th Grade Results ■ The 8th grade test was administered to 8 Junior High Schools plus Homebound and Project Intercept. ■ No school met minimum expectations. ■ Percent by race/ethnicity meeting minimum expectations: Anglo 50% Hispanic 15% African American 12% All 32% loth Grade Results ■ The loth grade test was administered to 4 High Schools plus New Directions and Project Intercept. ■ No school met minimum expectations. ■ Percent by race/ethnicity meeting minimum expectations: Anglo 68% Hispanic 29% African American 21% All 49% -58- Comparison of LISD and State TAAS Results23 Grade LISD State 3rd 55% 61% 4th 44% 47% 7th 37% 39% 8th 32% 38% loth 49% 49% Summary Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TARS) LISD 1992-1993 % Meeting Minimum Expectation on all Tests Taken Ethnicity 3rd Grade 4th Grade 7th Grade 8th Grade loth Grade Anglo 72% 60% 56% 50% 68% Hispanic 42% 30% 19% 15% 29% African American 30% 17% 13% 12% 21% All 55% 44% 37% 32% 49% "It's not just the bottom level that's hurting" says former education secretary William Bennett. "It's the middle and upper levels as well". LISD results on the TAAS test confirm former secretary 23 Source: Lubbock Independent School District -59- Bennett's claim. Students from all walks of life are having difficulty with standardized tests. Test results indicate that African Americans and Hispanics experience more difficulty with tests than Anglos. Children in single -parent families are at greater risk of educational difficulties than children living with two parents. They score .lower on standardized tests, get lower grades in school, and are twice as likely to drop out of school before graduation. Once drop -out occurs, test scores that had declined from third to eighth grade make a tremendous up-swing.in the tenth grade. Drugs Drug trafficking and abuse has become a national problem that has impacted in some way upon the lives of nearly every man, woman, and child in America today. The National Institute of Drug Abuse, in a 1992 study, asked 17,000 high school seniors, 15,000 sophomores, and 18,000 eighth grade students about drugs. The following is a -60- summary of the results: ■ More eighth grade students (most of whom are only 13 or 14 years old) report using marijuana, cocaine, crack, LSD, other hallucinogens, stimu- lants and inhalants than a year earlier (in 1991). ■ One in every six eighth grade students reported using an inhalant at some point in his/her life. Inhalants (such as glues, butane, solvents, nitrous oxide, etc.) are preferred by eighth graders over other types of illicit drugs. In 1992, eighth graders were significantly less likely to see cocaine or crack as dangerous. ■ And for the first time in recent years, high school seniors saw less risk in using LSD, heroin and amphetamines. They also showed less concern about marijuana, cocaine and barbiturates. ■ Virtually no progress was reported in changing the percentage of kids who smoke cigarettes. They remain 16 percent of the eighth graders, 22 per- cent of the loth graders and 28 percent of the seniors - this despite falling rates for adult WIC smokers. ■ The use of LSD was reported up at all three grade levels.. ■ Reports of drinking -of alcoholic beverages and drunkenness fell slightly for the seniors and loth grade students, but the eighth graders showed a slight increase. Drug sellers are not hesitant to show off their success to city youth. They carry and exhibit large sums of cash, wear expensive clothing, and drive flashy cars. This helps to recruit the community youth into thedrug trafficking net- work at.an early age. This is an informal educational and on-the-job training system which serves to promote the drug business. There is.a concern that the prevalence of gangs, drugs, and violent crimes will continue to escalate. The homicide rate, robbery and assault, and property crimes can be attributed to drug involvement, at a'minimum of 50% and increasing, as a means for buyers to obtain money or barter for drugs. Other more violent crimes are a result of some of the turf struggles between rival gang factions. Shooting incidents in which uninvolved and innocent by-standers get - -62- { injured by warring factions has caused neighborhoods to be- come afraid as well as lose confidence in the Police Depart- ment's ability to impact upon the situation. The activities of youth buyers and sellers are becoming more and more sophisticated. The sales network includes suppliers, dealers, runners, look -outs, whistles, cellular phones, pagers, automatic weapons, and elaborate sales methods. Sales occur at some locations on a 24-hour basis, with significant activity between the hours of midnight and dawn. Conclusion New data confirms that drug use and distribution is on the rise. The thought that the war on drugs is being won is seriously being questioned by experts in the field. -63- INVENTORY OF AVAILABLE FACILITIES AND SERVICES There is a comprehensive cadre of services targeting youth in our city. Among these services offered are recreational, counseling, treatment, prevention and intervention programs. MAP LEGEND --- 1993 The Map Legend Summary has been developed to assist in the location of Community Facilities. The Legend is used in conjunction with maps reflecting Community Programs. The programs and locations are represented by numbers which correspond to the facility as indicated in the attached maps. The symbol used for each map is as follows: Private Community Facilities/Programs Numbers Only Public Facilities/Programs Non -Profit Facilities/Programs School Facilities A summary description of public programs offered by these facilities is available by utilizing the Y.O.U.N.G. Digest and Human Services Directory available through the Information and Referral Office of the Community and Neighborhood Services Department. -64- F 7, PRIVATE A. Baseball Batting Cages: 1. Bat World, Inc. 115th & Indiana 2. DJ's Batting Practice 2329 34th St. 3. Putt -Putt Golf 5110 29th St. B. Bowling 4. Brunswick South Plains 5. Classic Lanes 6. Imperial Lanes 7. Lubbock Bowl C. Day Care - Offering Summer Programs 8. Around the World with Rainbow Express 9. Children's Learning Center 10. KinderCare (Four Locations) 11. Milam's Day Care 12. Summer "Sense"ations 13. Summer Day Care D. Educational Programs 14. The Reading Center E. Golf Driving Ranges: 15. Chickasaw 16. The Driving Range 17. Golf Station 18. Pine Valley 19. Treasure Island 20. Shadow Hills 21 Elm Grove (public play) 22. *Hillcrest Country Club 23. *Lakeridge Country Club 24. *Lubbock Country Club 25. Treasure Island (public play) 26. Shadow Hills (public play) 27. Pine Valley *Membership Clubs 5150 69th St. 3004 Slide Road 3632 50th St. 4020 Avenue Q 3711 22nd St. 3514 22nd Place 4715 58th St. 3305 83rd St. 5211 13th St. 8004 Abbeyville 1105 38th St. 3321 22nd St. 5700 98th St. 8008 Slide Road Suite 19 Idalou Highway 92nd & U.S. 87 115th & Indiana lllth & Indiana 4th & Frankford 6002 3rd St. 3202 Milwaukee North University 8802 Vicksburg 3400 N. Mesa Road 4th & Frankford 6002 3rd St. 111th & Indiana 748-1501 792-7111 795-2312 794-4844 795-4346 795-9593 744-5535 793-8470 793-0565 792-8453 797-8239 797-0993 794-9646 747-2665 764-4496 747-8900 745-5252 745-0336 748-1448 795-9311 799-7801. 765-6601 794-4444 762-0414 795-9311 -65- F. Movie Theaters 28. Cinema West 4349 19th St. 799-5216 29. Cinemark Movies 12 5721 58th St. 762-0347 30. Movies Slide Road 6205 Slide Road 763-3344 31. Showplace Six 6707 University 745-3637 32. UA South Plains Mall South Plains Mall 799-4121 33. Winchester 3411 50th St. 765-2808 G. Other Amusement Activities 34. Joyland Amusement Park MacKenzie Park 763-2719 35. Putt -Putt Golf 5001 29th St. 765-2312 36. Roll Arena 7240 W. 19th St. 799-9083 37. Skate Ranch 4701 SW Loop 289 792-0456 38. United Skates of America 115th & Indiana 745-3600 H. Swimming Pools 39. Seahorse Swim Club 3314 35th St. 799-4508 40. Swimming Hole 3802 Chicago 793-6793 41. Texas Water Rampage Brownfield Highway 793-0701 42. United Skates of America 115th & Indiana 745-3600 43. *Lakeridge Pool 8802 Vicksburg 794-4444 44. *Melonie Park South 3500 74th St. 799-1144 45. *Nautilus Racquet Club 9000 Memphis 795-0675 46. *Quaker Heights Pool 80th & Quaker Ave. 47. *Rush Pool, Inc. 4701 15th St. 799-9074 48. *Sun N Fun Club 6204 Elgin 765-9213 49. *Whisperwood Pool 5100 Whisperwood 799-9606 *Private I. Tennis 50. *Hillcrest Country Club North University 765-6601 51. *Lakeridge Country Club 8802 Vicksburg 764-4444 52. *Lubbock Country Club 3400 N. Mesa Road 762-0414 53. *Nautilus Racquet Club 9000`Memphis 765-0675 *Private J. Other Amusement Activities 264. Jolly Time Video South Plains Mall 265. Journeys End 3602 Slide 266. Copper Caboose 4th & Boston 50th & Slide K. Football Youth Football League PRIVATE Drew St Keuka Si L 7- Stonchill Sl &Afeld St 0 Rea,s St -- Kent St '22Kent Sf irskAire St. - - - - - - - EfArk- St.-J-- Efsk- St 1 &aode ?Ade - 4tn St 260 41Si 34; wa f9th ST tQ*t D 34lh St.34t, $t .�JJI 4 9 t Nulth St I nG 411 L Eclh St st F- 82nd $1 %s?,j St io 16 98th St a4tt ,I lt4r, 51 Tli-y Crg-f; Mt. Sr FM 1585 St L A6th S' WElh St I I ZZI., s 11.2-d 1E2ftj Sl -67- MAP LEGEND --- 1993 II. PUBLIC A.. Baseball Little League (6-12 year olds) 54. Dixie 55. Martin Luther King 263. Northwest 56. Midwest (LCU property) 57. Southwest 58. Western Pony League (13-14 year olds) 59. Dixie - Lewis Park 60. Lubbock Pony Colt League (15-16 year olds) 61. Connie Mack 62. Hodges Softball 63. Berl Huffman 64. Lubbock Youth Softball 65. MacKenzie No. 1 66. MacKenzie No. 2 67. MacKenzie No. 3 68. North Mose Hood 69. South Mose Hood B. Community Centers 70. Guadaluupe (United Way) 71. Hodges (City) 72. Maxey (City) 73. Parkway (United Way) 74. Rawlings (City) 75. Rodgers (City) 76. Simmons (City) 77. Woods (City) C. Community Facilities 78. **Kastman 79. **Ratliff 80. **Rodgers 81. **Washington .54th & Avenue L 24th & Quirt Avenue MacKenzie Park (2 fields) 2518 Marshall 29th & Frankford 28th & Nashville 58th & Bangor Ave. 56th & Avenue L 28th & Quaker MacKenzie Park 40th & University Yellowhouse Canyon 1503 35th St. MacKenzie Park MacKenzie Park MacKenzie Park 24th & Avenue Q 26th & Avenue Q 102 Avenue P 41st & University 30th & Oxford 405 N. Quirt 40th & Avenue B 3200 Amherst East 23rd & Oak Erskine & Zenith Joliet & S. Loop 289 50th & Chicago Ave. 3200 Amherst E. 22nd & Cedar Ave. 762-3158 795-2525 791-1138 767-2715 744-4238 767-2742 767-2743 767-2744 767-2745 767-2746 765-9713 767-3706 767-3796 763-3963 767-2704 767-2702 767-2700 767-2698 767-2673 767-2673 767-2673 767-2673 VM 82. *Clapp 46th & Avenue U 767-2673 83. *Davis 42nd & Nashville 767-2673 84. *Landwer House 2525 Canyon Drive 767-2673 r 85. *Mahon 29th & Chicago Ave. 767-2673 86. *Outdoor Center MacKenzie Park 161-2673 87. *Stubbs 36th & Avenue N �- 88. Memorial Civic Center 1501 6th St. 767-2241 89. Municipal Auditorium 4th & Boston Avenue 767-2241 ` 90. Municipal Coliseum 4th & Boston Avenue 767-2241 *Party Houses (City of Lubbock) **Park Shelters (City of Lubbock) D. Educational Programs +" 91. Drug Elimination Program 3812 Weber Drive 741-1707 C. 92. Fine Arts Center 2600 Avenue P 767-2686 93. Garden Arts Center 4215 S. University 767-3724 94. Library - Godeke 6601 Quaker 792-6566 95. Library - Mahon 1306 9th St. 767-2838 ` 96. Lubbock Lake Landmark N. Loop 289 & Clovis 742-1116 97. Project Upward Bound TTU - P.O. Box 45012 742-3316 i" 98. Responsible Re -Enforcement 2812 Weber Drive 762-8785 in Parenting 99. "Shake Hands with Your Future" TTU - P.O. Box 42191 742-1859 100. Texas Tech University (Museum, 4th & Indiana 742-2442 Ranching Heritage Center, and Planetarium) E. Employment 101. JobSource + 1218 14th St. 765-5038 102. Substance Abuse Prevention 2201 19th St. 767-2711 Partnership 103. Texas Employment Commission 1602 16th St. 763-6416 F. General Recreation 104. Texas Tech University Recreation Sports Camp (Summer Youth) G. Golf Courses: 105. Meadowbrook H. Parks - Programs 106. *Aztlan 107. Berry 108. *Burns 109. Butler 110. *Carlisle TTU - P.O. Box 42151 742-3351 MacKenzie Park I-27 & Avenue H 35th St. & Cedar 26th St. & Avenue L E. 4th & Zenith Avenue 28th St. & Avenue X 765-6679 111. *Carter Globe & N. Loop 289 112. Casey 66th St. ,& Avenue W 113. *Chatman E. 29th & Juniper 114. Clapp 47th & Avenue U 115. Crow 91st & Belton Avenue 116. Davies N. Avenue N & Clemson 117. Davis 40th & Nashville Avenue 118. Dupree 58th & Toledo Avenue 119. Elmore 66th & Quaker Avenue 120. Guadalupe E. 2nd Street 121. Hamilton 22nd & Avenue X 122. Higinbotham 19th & Vicksburg Ave. 123. *Hinojosa 23rd & Upland 124. Hodges Marshall.Ave. & N. University Ave. 125. Hoel 93rd & Chicago 126. *Hollins First & Temple 127. Hood 23rd & Avenue Q 128. Huneke 84th & Nashville Ave. 129. Jennings 73rd & Winston Ave. 130. Kastman Joliet & S. Loop 289 131. Leftwich 60th & Elgin Ave. 132. Lewis 54th & Avenue L 133. Long 56th & Aberdeen Ave. 134. Lusk E. 25th & Oak Ave. 135. MacKenzie State Park E. Broadway & Avenue A 136. Maedgen Amherst & Boston Ave. 137. Mahon 29th & Chicago Ave. 138. *Mahon Elementary 2010 Cornell 139. Maxey 30th & Nashville Ave. 140. McCrummen 19th & Avenue T 141: McCullough 88th & Flint 142. Miller Memphis & S. Loop 289 143. Overton 14th & Avenue T 144: *Pioneer 6th & Avenue T 145. Ratliff 50th & Chicago 146. Rawlings 40th & Avenue B 147. *Ribble 58th & Avenue U 148. Rodgers Amherst & Gary Ave. 149. Sedberry E. 10th & Guava 150. Simmons E: 24th & Quirt 151. *Skyview 3808 N. Ivory 152. Smith 15th & Chicago 153. *Stevens 75th & Slide 154. Stubbs 36th & Avenue N 155. Tech Terrace 23rd & Flint 156. Wagner 25th & Elgin 157. Washington E. 22nd & Cedar -70- 158. Woods Duke & Zenith 159. Yellowhouse Canyon NW Lubbock (Athletic Complex) 160. Yellowhouse Canyon Lakes Clovis Road & Loop 289 *Supervised Summer Recreational Programs r^ I. Senior Citizens Centers n; 161. Arnett Benson Amherst & Gary 767-2705 162. Copper Rawlings 107 40th St. 767-2704 163. Homestead 164. Lubbock Sr. Citizens 5401 56th St. 2001 19th St. 792-6952 767-2709 165. Mae Simmons 2004 Oak Ave. 767-2708 166. Second Baptist 5300 Elgin 767-2679 167. 168. 169. J. Soccer 170. Lubbock Soccer Association P.O. Box 98010 796-0796 K. Swimming Pools 171. Clapp 42nd & Avenue U 767-2736 172. Mae Simmons 24th & Quirt 767-2734 173. Maxey 30th & Nashville 767-3739 174. Rodgers 3200 Bates 767-2734 175. Texas Tech Recreation Center Tech Campus 742-3351 176. Woods Erskine & Zenith 767-2730 L. Tennis 177. Municipal Tennis Court 3030 66th St. 767-3728 rr f. -71- PUBLIC Drew St. I I Keuka St Stonehill St.—. tr-- s I I Bluefield St — —J R is Kenl St I I KeM St IN �---- — _ _ 1 — J 116 a k JrsulirY St. — — — — — 2174 84 Ersluna St. -- E'skee St I tal I3B 6105 73 66 �y6 77 176 I75 106 67 1 ji — w i �,a" rm 136 126 I1220 4" St — — — — '— — — — — — Z _ J 4M St. t44 81 = porkwo I IOa 95 149 ma., Boadwav 86I 52 ni K3 101 191h St. y 3 122 ; Q� d 51h SI 121 Wa 103 11267 6 SS Q Bi 76 `r j$ 123 y X 173 i = 2 ! 1'Jr i( 5�72 ✓!y j 110 . 69�i06i' inl I� 6 65 O Q 341h St. 1 34th St .� _�-- — — —� 824 154 VI 1 GtM B7 M6 g 1e3 93 E I 501h Si. I ri65 `Jth St 1.33 163 L--1 SDUr 327 116 147 131 c'Eth St. IT th t r 9 792 A tm 289 A kr EI n 153 99 Bznd St 82nd St 128 — T------------- �., �. I Izs p' Its 9Bth Sl I _ ih 't m ---� I I N lath St II I114th St �ily Lmt �g 7 130th St. FM 1585 l' Ih Si IE N N. E 146th St I K61h St S lG2nd St 162nd SI am $ i q u 6 F r5 -72 - F MAP LEGEND --- 1993 III. NON-PROFIT A. Churches - offering summer programs 178. Bacon Heights Baptist 5039 53rd St. 765-5261 179. Calvary Baptist 8202 Aberdeen 794-4006 180. First United Methodist 1411 Broadway 763-4607 181. First Baptist 2201 Broadway 747-0281 182. Hope Lutheran School 5700 98th St. 798-3824 183. Indiana Avenue Baptist 8315 Indiana 797-9704 184. Ministerios Nueva Vida 201 N. Boston 762-5151 185. St. John Neumann 5838 22nd St. 799-4788 186. University Christian 2433 26th St. 747-6688 187. Westminster Presbyterian 3321 33rd St. 799-3621 188. Word Aflame 7803 University 794-4185 B. Day Care - offering summer programs 189. Carver Early Learning Center 2509 Elm 744-6726 190. Erskine Early Learning Center 2714 Erskine 763-0535 191. First Baptist 2201 Broadway 747-0281 192. First United Methodist 1411 Broadway 763-4607 193. Guadalupe Early Learning Center 101 Avenue K 763-3777 194. Hope Luthern School 5700 98th St. 798-3824 195. Lubbock Christian Athletic 5444 D 50th St. Association 196. St. John Newmann 5802 22nd 797-4788 197. Vanda Early Learning Center 1301 Vanda 765-0110 198. YWCA 3103 35th St. 792-2723 C. Educational Programs 199. All Saints Episcopal 3222 103rd St. 745-7701 200. Inter -Change (Jim Kimel 1202 Main 766-0251 Center) 201. OmniMax Theater South Loop 289 202. Science Spectrum 5025-J 50th 745-6299 266. Scottish Rite Learning 602 Ave. Q 765-9150 Center of West Texas 267. Young Life 1220 Broadway 763-8106 D. General Recreation Boy's Club, Inc.: 268. Optimist Club 3301 Cornell 762-4990 269. Theodore Phea Club 1801 E. 24th St. 763-0204 270. Wilson Club 3221 59th St. 792-2889 271. Boy Scouts of America #30 Briercroft Office 747-2631 272. Campfire Council 1301 N. University 765-6394 -73- 273. Caprock Girl Scout 274. YWCA R-POP/B-POP Programs 275. *Optimist Boys Club *Summer Program 2567 74th St. 3101 35th St. 3301 Cornell 745-2855 792-2723 762-7990 -74- 7 NON-PROFIT-C-I A^ Jruline St Erskine St 8 7 L- 4mSt — ---— —Z_ 11� Kam St t ^ 1 sam St i 1 r 50m St.__; I c61h St. � JI 82nd St__4 I 98th St _ L oath Si Wth St FM 685 46m St Und St 191 Drew St Keuko St..I_ -75- 0 MAP LEGEND --- 1993 IV. SCHOOLS A. Educational Programs 203. Kaleidoscope 4812 58th St. (Williams Elementary School) B. General Recreation R-POP/B-POP Programs: 204. *Alderson Jr. High 205. *Struggs 206. *O.L. Slaton Jr. High *Summer Program C. Schools Elementary 207. Arnett 208. Bayless 209. Bean 210. Bowie 211. Bozeman 212. Brown 213. Dupre 214. Guadalupe 215. Hardwick 216. Harwell 217. Haynes 218. Hodges 219. Honey 220. Hunt 221. Iles 222. Jackson 223. Maedgen 224. Mahon 225. Maartin 226. McWhorter 227. Murfee 228. Overton 229. Parkway 230. Parsons _231. Posey 232. Ramirez 233. Rush 234. Smith 235. Stewart 236. Stubbs 219 Walnut Ave. 1323 E. 24th St. 1602 32nd St. 701 E. Queens 2115 58th St. 3001 Avenue N 2902 Chicago 3101 E. 2nd St. 2315 36th St. 2315 36th St. 2008 Avenue T 101 N. Avenue P 1420 Chicago 4101 Avenue D 5001 Avenue P 3615 86th St. 415 N. Ivory 2401 Date Ave. 201 Vernon 4401 Nashville 2010 Cornell 3315 E. Broadway 2711 1st St. 6901 Nashville Dr. 2902 Louisville 406 N. Zenith 2811 58th St. 1301 Redbud Ave. 702 Ave. T 4702 15th St. 8707 Dover 4815 46th St. 3516 Toledo 766-1038 766-1500 766-1555 766-1644 766-1655 766-1666 766-0822 766-1677 766-0833 766-1688 766-1699 766-0844 766-1711 766-0855 766-1722 766-0866 766-1744 766-1755 766-1766 766-0877 766-1777 766-1788 766-1799 766-0888 766-0899 766-1877 766-0911 766-1822 766-1833 766-0933 766-2022 766-0944 766-0955 -76- 7 7 r 237. Tubbs 3311 Bates 766-1855 238. Waters 3006 78th St. 766-1866 239. Webster 4602 Chicago 766-0966 240. Wheatley 1802 E. 28th St. 766-1844 241. Wheelock 3008 42nd St. 766-0977 242. Whiteside 5301 74th St. 766-2088 243. 244. Williams Roscoe Wilson 4812 2807 58th St. 25th St. 766-0988 766-0922 245. Wolfforth 3202 Erskine 766-1899 ` 246. Wright 1302 Adrian 766-1911 Junior High 247 **Alderson 219 Walnut 766-1500 248. **Atkins 5401 Avenue U 766-1522 249. **Cavazos 201 N. University 766-1000 250. **Dunbar 2010 E. 26th St. 766-1300 251. **Evans 4211 58th St. 766-0722 252. **Hutchinson, J.T. 3102 Canton 766-0755 253. **Irons 5214 79th St. 766-2044 254. **MacKenzie 5402 12th St. 766-0777 255. **Slaton, O.L. 1602 32nd St. 766-1555 256. **Wilson, Smylie 4402 31st St. 766-0799 **Tennis Courts Available Senior High 257. **Coronado 3307 Vicksburg 766-0600 258. **Estacado 1504 E. Itasca 766-1400 259. **Lubbock 2004 19th St. 766-1444 260. **Monterey 3211 47th St. 766-0700 **Tennis Courts Available Alternative Schools 261. New Directions 1323 E. 24th St. 765-9126 262. Project Intercept 1601 24th St. 766-1633 D. Tennis Junior and Senior High Schools 766-1000 (See School Listing with **) CQnC3.'usl�ri There seems to be excellent distribution in relation to population served with Public, Non -Profit Facilities/Organizations, and Schools. Private Facilities/Organizations are skewed to the West and Southwest. -77- SCHOOLS- Q Drew St Keuka St..l -- I I Slortehill St - �— Bluefield St Kent St. t Kern St 1 t I v v - Erskine St Erskm Si WSt � St — — — — — — — Z _ J B oodw 19th St I � 34th St. r 2 q 34th St ' I 2<t I 50th St. '2d EOth St. �4 2ie FNr W Mh St 66th St Lmo 2E9 U�Ci�� JI 9 B2nd SI J B?M St I9 %in SI 98th St Ath it. I I114th St �dy Lmt 1301h St FM 1585 1' th st N 46fh St ta6m 5t IL2nd 91 62M St ,o g a o1 IJ I 1 1 I 1 T 1 I i� I I I I L � a � g —78— 7 DETERMINING PROGRAM AND SERVICE GAPS Quantifiably speaking, the previously referenced inventory shows that there is no significant lack of services in Lubbock, Texas with possible exception of such areas as sub- stance abuse treatment for indigent youth, runaway shelters, and employment opportunities that address long and short term needs. Resource limitations and the proprietary nature of informa- tion controlled by providers makes individual assessments of service gaps impractical for all specific services and pro- grams serving youth in Lubbock, Texas. There are, however, rseven (7) key questions worthy of consideration when concen- trating on how to make existing programs better. These questions are: 1. Are expectations and standards of performance and r quality high enough? 2. Are there flaws in program design and/or implemen- tation? 3. Are mechanisms in place for Objective and Routine Evaluation of Services and are adequate improve -79- f meets made when problems are detected? 4. Are outreach efforts adequate enough to attract the maximum number of potential consumers'in all sectors of the community? 5. Are the services accessible enough to maximum num- ber of consumers? 6. Is affordability a significant barrier? 7. Does the program/service recognize the unique dif- ferences and advantages of different cultures and neighborhoods? 8. Does the program/service do what it's designed to do or has it outlived its usefulness for any number of reasons? Conclusion'`; The answer to these questions is no in far too many instances. This is particularly true in distressed areas of our community. Youth programs and organizations face important issues in their attempt'to take a multicultural approach to their -so- work Finding and attracting youth most in need of services will require the concerted, coordinated effort of all agencies. -81- FACILITATING COMMUNITY LINKAGES AND NETWORKING WITH YOUTH SERVICE PROVIDERS There is no need to reinvent the wheel. Currently, there are several grass roots organizations in place including the Substance Abuse Prevention Partnership and the Mayor's Community Commitment and Education Task Force that are focused on matching resources with community needs. The ultimate objective is to build self sufficiency and economic stability in neighborhoods throughout the city. Ongoing communication and cooperation between agencies participating in the coalition and task force is the key to accomplishing this task. Due to the infancy of these efforts, unification of fragmented delivery systems has yet to be accomplished. A Youth Advisory Council with members from numerous youth service providers, including youth members, can be a catalyst to begin matching resources with needs. -82- EDUCATING THE COMMUNITY The following traditional resources should be used to communicate with the public and strengthen partnerships. Public Access Network Neighborhood Associations Civic Organizations Churches Substance Abuse Prevention Partnership Mayor's Community Commitment and Education Task Force Leadership Lubbock LISD Governmental Entitles Law Enforcement Task Forces Peer Action Committee A Youth Advisory Council e a Recommended -83- DEVELOPING STRATEGIES TO ADDRESS PROGRAM AND SERVICE GAPS Recreation based programs are not the total solution to the city's youth problems. Programs would be much better if they were directed at dealing with the whole child, includ- ing the child's parents, peers, and neighborhood. We must reject the notion that new, expensive services/programs is the answer. Sound investment, evaluation and coordination of what already exists makes more sense. We should concen- trate on helping existing programs render services to affected populations by removing barriers, solving logisti- cal problems, building on positives, admitting failures, and correcting deficiencies. Strategies must be adjusted to respond to statistical and historical trend analysis which dispels the myth that juve- nile crime always increases during summer months. Economic intervention, community oriented policing, street based outreach efforts, and coordinated program service delivery are the most effective tools for dealing with the current generation of troubled youth. on the next generation is a must. Prevention and focus -84- PURSUING IMPLEMENTATION OF NEEDED PROGRAMS AND SERVICES The study of youth issues in America has become a major industry. We spend millions of dollars annually on various studies, yet there has been no significant change in the data defining risk factors since 1985. To move to the implementation phase, we must accept the data currently available as accurate and develop appropriate strategies to solve the problems. The process will involve the following action items: ■ Remove politics from the process ■ Assist various agencies with proposal writing to secure funds to implement identified strategies. ■ Dedicate resources to maintain proper focus on the implementation phase. ■ Create an oversight group through a Youth Advisory Council. -85- ISSUES AND RECOMMENDATIONS PARENTING AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT ■ As their children's first teachers, parents are the primary source of learning in their child's developmen- tally crucial first years of life. Yet, few mothers or fathers are prepared for parenting today. They do not learn about it in school; often they are isolated from their extended families; and many are single parents, teen parents, or parents living in poverty. ■ Many social scientists believe that the increase in violent youth behavior is a reflection of a breakdown of families, schools, and other societal institutions. Since the family is a child's primary socialization agent, the most effective way to save a child is often to save the family first. ■ Services to meet child and family development needs must have these basic characteristics: continuity, comprehensiveness, flexibility, integrated service net- works, culturally and linguistically appropriate pro- gramming, family -centered activities, and full commu- -86- nity involvement. ■ Existing parenting programs have limited or no out reach component. ■ Services are not currently reaching the most at -risk population. ■ A large percentage of our youth exhibiting at -risk behaviors come from single -parent households. ■ Current mentoring programs have a shortage of volun- teers. ■ More and more families watch as a father, a son, an uncle, or maybe all three are confined to a correc- tional institution. The result is a large percentage of youth with little or no adult supervision. Recommend ions 1. All parents, especially high -risk families, should have knowledge of and access to support, informa- tion, and comprehensive parenting education appro- priate to the needs of their children through a comprehensive network of existing parenting pro- grams. -87- 2. Establish a Parenting Advisory Committee comprised of parents who held their families together against tough odds, and whose children developed normally. These should include single parents, legal guardians, and extended family members who supervise youths within households. 3. Develop a strong outreach component to ensure that high -risk children and families access a continuum of culturally appropriate, individualized, and comprehensive parenting and childhood services. 4. Develop a comprehensive database designed to iden- tify, assess and track high risk infants, children and families in our community. 5. Expand current mentoring programs (Big Brothers/Big Sisters of Lubbock, African American Real Men) by recruiting additional volunteers to match the rising demand of youth in need of guidance and positive role models. -88- Education/school Drop -out ■ Due to fiscal constraints, Head -Start is not currently available to all eligible children. ■ Limited programming that prepares students for high - skill technical occupations and allows either direct entry into the work place after high school graduation or continuation of study which leads to an associate degree in a two-year college. ■ LISD currently employs 1,121 female teachers at the elementary level as compared to only 63 male teachers (LISD). Male teachers are extremely important to fatherless families. ■ System wide, of LISD's 2,039 teachers, 90 or 4.4 per- cent are African American and 193 or 9.5 percent are Hispanic while minority students comprise 50.96 percent of the student enrollment. ■ Low TAAS results at the elementary level. Early aca- demic success is the key to reducing the incidence of dropping out, teen pregnancy, substance abuse, and -89- juvenile delinquency. ■ Adult education is an important aspect of the youth strategy. In many cases, a lack of education gives parents low self-esteem and causes them to place little or no emphasis on education for their children. Approximately 20,000 adults in Lubbock County are functionally illiterate which means they read and write below the sixth grade level (Lubbock/Garza Private Industry Council, 1988). Another 20,000 are marginally illiterate with reading and writing skills below the eighth grade level. ■ Hard -to -reach parents often have had negative experi- ences with school during childhood and hold resentment into adulthood, strongly influencing the attitudes and values of their children. Recommendations 1. Expand the Head Start Program to all eligible children. 2. Develop.programming`that focuses on early identi- fication and intervention with high risk elemen- .M tary school children and their parents before their problems become chronic or severe. 3. Expand literacy/GED classes to a neighborhood level and encourage family literacy. 4. Expand the Tech -Prep Program to a broader popula- tion of students. 5. Recruit minority and male teachers up to a level that is reflective of the demographics of the student population within LISD. 6. Schools should work with community agencies to construct a unified system of youth development, a joint enterprise that recognizes the common goals of schools and community agencies while respecting their inherent differences and strengths. Such a system should involve joint planning and decision making; build on existing institutional and orga- nizational resources and devote financial and human resources to deliver.the required services. -91- Youth Crime Zsues::::. ;.. ■ Family life in'Lubbock has changed, and so have the cities, communities. Fewer and fewer youth are raised in a caring, supportive family surrounded by a caring, supportive community. The presence in the home during the day of a parent or other care -giving adult is no longer the norm. Most children and young adolescents in Lubbock today are raised by a single parent or a two -parent household where both parents work and are away from home during the workday. Many extended families have become widely dispersed as the new generations spread out across the country in search of jobs and other opportunities. In many parts of the city, next door neighbors barely know each other, much less provide friendship and assistance on an ongoing basis. ■ Crime will return again and again until we bypass the symptoms and begin treating the conditions that help it breed. Some of the causes are families that don't function, neighborhoods that are not communities, and -92- an economy that, for no discernible reason, maintains a pool of unemployable labor. Such causes create young people motivated to look for criminal opportunities, and must be addressed outside the Criminal Justice System. Community policing is an add -on program, not a funda- mental way of doing business. Many, including Lubbock, Austin, Houston, and San Antonio have experimented with bike patrols, foot patrols, store fronts, recreation programs, and problem -solving. Accomplishing such a shift will take a long time, per- haps a generation. If we are not prepared for the long haul, we will cut short our efforts before the trans- formation is complete, and our best opportunity for protecting and serving the public will be postponed. 1. Continue support of systems designed to track known juvenile offenders and gang members through the Lubbock Police Department and the Criminal District Attorney's Office. -93- r 2. Continue support at current levels for prevention and intervention programs provided by Community Development, Parks and Recreation and the Lubbock Police Department: such as R-POP/B-POP, Youth Outreach Opportunities, and the Summer Satellite Program. Achieve closer coordination between city programs and private non -profits. 3. Establish strong neighborhood associations city wide, prioritizing distressed neighborhoods as high priorities. 4. Incorporate Community Policing as a way of doing business, and building rapport between police and neighborhood residents. -94- Employment ■ While the overall unemployment rate is relatively low, there is a substantial population of poor and disen- franchised citizens who remain unemployed/under- employed. Economic and social deprivation is one of the primary risk factors associated with youth related problems. When parents are on welfare, live at survival levels, and are unprepared to meet the demands of society, children in that household are at high risk. ■ Youth job placements are far less than the demand for jobs. ■ Program staffs and particularly outreach components are not reflective of the population they are targeted to reach. Rocomme.ndations 1. City of Lubbock needs to take the lead role by bringing city employment of minorities up to at least the levels reflected in the 1990 census. M-161: 2. Expand public sector youth employment programs to include the private sector by networking with Senator Montford's Youth Employment Subcommittee. 3. Develop apprenticeship programs within city de- partments and other organizations, both public and private, that will provide job specific skills training aimed at creating long term employment. 4. Expand adult programs including GED and vocational training services aimed at reducing welfare recip- ients and overall unemployment. Special emphasis should be given to recent school drop -outs. 5. Council appoint and Advisory Board of corporate leaders to promote the community -wide employment efforts. 6. Staffing of current employment programs (i.e., JTPA) must reflect the ethnicity of clients being served. Teen Pregnancy ■ The views of our youth are not currently reflected in program planning and implementation. ■ Too much responsibility for sex education has been shifted away from parents and placed on teachers and administrators in the education system. Recommendations 1. Support the recommendations made by the Teenage Pregnancy Task Force. 2. Develop an integrated plan with existing parenting programs to reduce the City of Lubbock and LISD's role in sex education. 3. Establish a Youth Advisory Council. -97- Community Based Service Delivery ■ Every community has youth at risk of academic failure, unemployment/underemployment, substance abuse, poverty, and imprisonment. These problems are traditionally addressed through a number of different public and pri- vate agencies including social services, health clinics, mental health services, employment offices, criminal justice programs, and the school system. Recommendat�ons 1. Work toward comprehensive services offered under one roof at the neighborhood levels, by obtaining multiple uses of existing public buildings. 2. Develop satellite centers in neighborhoods throughout the city to expedite service delivery. 3. Work toward the formation of a Community Network with the inclusion of decision makers from the City of Lubbock, County of Lubbock, the District Attorney's Office, Lubbock County Juvenile Proba- tion, LISD, Texas Tech University, South Plains -98- College, Job Source, Texas Employment Commission, MHMR, Department of Human Services, and other involved agencies. -99-